Josh Cavallo: 'Being gay in men's football is a very toxic place'

Australian footballer Josh Cavallo, who came out as gay in 2021, has spoken out about the continued homophobia he faces and the challenges for LGBTQ+ players in the sport. Despite widespread support, the 25-year-old, now playing for non-league Peterborough Sports in England, reveals he still receives daily death threats and abusive messages online, highlighting the deep-seated issues within football culture.

Daily Abuse and Mental Toll

"When I first saw these messages it broke my heart," Cavallo told BBC Sport. "No-one wants to read things like that. I'm trying to get better as a player and be the best I can be on the pitch, and then get put down because of who I am as a person. It's disgusting." The midfielder's experience underscores the persistent online abuse faced by openly gay athletes, impacting their mental health and well-being.

A Toxic Environment

Cavallo emphasizes the need for significant change. "Absolutely, we've got mountains to do," he says, addressing the pervasive homophobia in football. "I don't go more than a week without hearing about an issue." He describes the environment for openly gay players as "very toxic," pointing to the hostile atmosphere and deeply ingrained masculinity within the sport.

Historical Context and Current Landscape

Cavallo's coming out in 2021 marked a significant moment, making him one of the few openly gay male professional footballers in the world. However, his experience echoes the struggles of Justin Fashanu, Britain's first openly gay male footballer, who tragically took his own life in 1998 after facing widespread discrimination. While progress has been made in terms of acceptance and visibility, the absence of openly gay players in the Premier League highlights the continued challenges.

The Impact of Premier League Representation

Cavallo believes that a Premier League player coming out would be a game-changer. "It would move mountains," he states. "But I'm not going to sugar-coat it. There are a lot of scary things that would come this person's way." This sentiment reflects the immense pressure and scrutiny faced by high-profile players, potentially deterring others from publicly revealing their sexuality.

Expert Perspective: The Need for Systemic Change

Dr. Jamie Cleland, a sports sociologist at Loughborough University specializing in LGBTQ+ inclusion in sport, emphasizes the need for systemic change within football. "While individual acts of courage like Josh Cavallo's are incredibly important, they cannot be the sole solution," Dr. Cleland explains. "Football needs to actively address the cultural norms and institutional structures that perpetuate homophobia. This includes robust anti-discrimination policies, comprehensive education programs for players, coaches, and fans, and visible support from governing bodies and clubs."

Peterborough Sports: A Welcoming Environment

Despite the challenges, Cavallo has found a supportive environment at Peterborough Sports. Club owner Tim Woodward affirms the club's commitment to inclusivity. "It was a big step for Josh to leave Australia but he has settled really well," Woodward says. "I didn't expect any homophobic abuse from our fans. They've really taken to Josh whenever he has played. We have systems in place to protect Josh should anything like that happen."

Finding Comfort and Purpose

Cavallo states his decision to join Peterborough Sports was based on finding a club where he could be comfortable and accepted. "It wasn't about picking the club playing at the highest level. It was about finding a club where I was going to be comfortable. The way Peterborough Sports was sold to me was something I could be comfortable with and be who I am off the pitch."

Criticism of FIFA and Future Tournaments

Cavallo is critical of FIFA's decision to award the World Cup to countries where homosexuality is illegal, such as Qatar in 2022 and Saudi Arabia in 2034. "Am I impressed that the World Cup is in countries that criminalise same-sex marriages, where people like me will be put in prison for just existing on that land? It's scary," he says, highlighting the potential dangers faced by LGBTQ+ fans and players in these regions. "I get messages [from people living in these countries] saying 'I'm about to be put in prison for being who I am - can you help me?' It breaks my heart that people are getting locked up for being who they are."

A Continued Fight for Equality

Despite the obstacles, Cavallo remains determined to advocate for LGBTQ+ rights in football. "Football has allowed me to start conversations in the changing room. It has allowed me to speak and educate people who want to learn more," he says. "My purpose is to create change. That's what I'm here for." His courage and advocacy continue to inspire others and push for a more inclusive and accepting future for LGBTQ+ individuals in the sport.

If you have been affected by any of the issues or emotions raised in this article, help and support is available at BBC Action Line.